In the heart of Biržai, a comprehensive biodiversity inventory was conducted within the Biržai Castle moat area (foss) and along the pedestrian path between the moat and Lake Širvėna. This survey, part of the Safe and diverse project, revealed unique natural treasures and allowed for an in-depth evaluation of the surrounding environment’s ecological value.
The research identified four species of bats, including the protected Brown Long-eared Bat (Nyctalus noctula), which inhabits hollow trees and castle structures. Near the moat, the rare and protected amphibian Red-bellied Toad (Bombina bombina) was discovered. Among the 20 bird species observed, the Eurasian Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) and the Grey-headed Woodpecker (Picus canus) stand out, showcasing the area’s ecological importance. Equally impressive is the flora, which includes 26 Common Oaks (Quercus robur), 19 Black Pines (Pinus nigra), and 46 Small-leaved Limes (Tilia cordata).
The castle moat serves as a unique refuge for aquatic plants, such as Common Duckweed (Lemna minor) and the carnivorous Bladderwort (Utricularia). However, the inventory also highlighted conservation challenges, with invasive plants like Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Annual Fleabane (Erigeron annuus) threatening the ecosystem.
Based on the inventory results, the Biodiversity Conservation Plan has been developed. This plan aims to protect species and habitats, restore natural ecosystems, promote public education, and ensure the long-term preservation of the natural environment while balancing heritage conservation with sustainable tourism.
This project, implemented by the Biržai District Municipality Administration in partnership with Aizkraukle Municipality (Latvia), is strengthening cross-border cooperation in sustainably managing recreational areas, preserving biodiversity, and protecting coastal ecosystems.
